EWS 425

Final Course Review Questions: Part 1

1. What is technology? What are the differences between technology and science?

http://www.bergen.org/technology/defin.html

http://www.bergen.org/technology/scitech.html

What is a technological system and what are its parts?

http://www.bergen.org/technology/deftech.html

2. What are some of the theories about how people are socialized into gender types and roles? What are the obstacles girls and women have to face in science and engineering programs? Identify the ways in which academic programs in science are based on male values and traits.

(Gender Socialization and Undergraduate Science Education)

3. What is the "matriarchy perplex?" What is the “takeover theory?” How does this theory translate into recognition of accomplishments, monetary rewards, or prestige? Who was Rosalind Franklin? How does the "Takeover Theory" relate to Rosalind franklin?

What is power? Who originated the theory that states thosewho control the means of production have control of political and economic power? How does this contribute to social classes, women as separate class, and the privileges that go

with class difference?

http://venus.soci.niu.edu/~jthomas/class/473/Lecture/marx.html

4. Explain the theory regarding inventions and users? How does this

apply to women as inventors?

5. What obstacles have women faced historically regarding a) inventing

b) patenting and c) marketing their inventions?

6. What roles have women played in inventions associated with agriculture

and the sub-categories of agriculture? Identify the sub-categories.

7. Identify the following women and the inventions associated with them:

a) Lizzie Dickelman b) Catherine L. Greene c) Ann Manning

d) Harriet Strong e) Magdalena Villaruz f) Ceres g)Pomona

8.Describe the role of women in food technology. What are the historical prejudices and gender politics in regard to food technology?

9. Identify the following women and their contributions to food technology:

a)Mary Pennington b) Laura Scudder c) Rose Totino d) Madeline Turner e) Ruth Wakefield f)Chicomechoatl

10. Identify the areas of healing and medicine that women have been involved with. What forms of menstrual technology have women been involved with historically?

11. How has the takeover theory and the theory of class privilege

been manifest in the area of healing and medicine?

12. Identify the following women and describe their inventions:

a) Judith Esser Mittog b) Isis c) Janet Rideout d) Patricia Bath

e) Gertrude Elion f) Suzanne Ildstad g) Bessie Blount

13. How has the theory of users and inventions been particularly

significant in the inventions of household or domestic technologies?

14. Identify the following and their inventions:

a) Josephine Coachrane b) Marion Donovan c) Lillian Moller Gilbreth

d) Sarah E. Goode e) Mary Phelps Jacob f) Ida Rosenthal g) Gladys Ritter, Phyllis M. Larson, and LeAnn Tatro h) Patsy Sherman

i)Joy Mangano

15.What are generally considered the “landmark inventions” of the

19th century? How many of these landmark inventions may in fact

been first conceived by women?

16.Identify the following women and their inventions:

a) Helen Blanchard b) Emily Gross Davenport c) Marjorie Joyner

d) Margaret Knight

17.What is a computer in the most literal sense? Describe the

following early instruments for doing calculations:

a) digits b) tally bones c)abax d)abacus e) clepsydra

e) antikythera

http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/book/chapter1.html

http://www.thocp.net/timeline/0000.htm

http://www.thocp.net/hardware/antikythera.html

18.What is the Jacquard loom? What was Madame Jacquard’s role regarding the loom? Why is it significant in the history of

computers?

http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/jacquard.htm

What are the following early prototypes of computers? Describe what they were and purported to do:

a)Schikard b)Pascal’s Pascaline c) Liebniz’s Machine d) de Colmar’s

Arithmometer e) Babbage’s Difference Engine f) Babbage’s Analytical

Engine g) Hollerith’s Punch Card Reader

http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/book/chapter1.html

19.How many generations of computers have there been? Identify the years associated with each generation.

20.What are the following:

a) ENIAC b)EDVAC c)UNIVAC

21. How was the takeover theory manifest in regard to the ENIAC experience? (How was the work done by women on the team defined and how were their contributions viewed at the time?)

22. Identify the following and their contributions to technology:

a) Ada Lovelace b) Grace Hopper c) the ENIAC “girls” (name all six)

d) Evelyn Berezin e) Jean Sammet f) Sandra Kurtzig

g) Portia Isaacson h) Randice Altschul I) Celeste Baranski

j) Hedy Lamarr k) Martiine Kempf l) Seshat

23.Who invented the following synthetics:

a) white out b) Kevlar c) geobond d) hair products for African

Americans e) the Pressing Comb to straighten hair

24.What is AI? Who invented the term? Identify the following:

a) Karel Capek b) ELIZA c) Shakey d) Aaron e) Deep Blue

c) Cynthia Breazeal d) What is ASIMO e) What is "The Perfect Woman? What does she do?

http://world.honda.com/ASIMO/

http://www.csupomona.edu/~plin/ews425/future.html

Final Course Review: Part 2

Ancient Technologies

Answer True or False for each question:

1. Technology does not develop in a linear fashion. T F

2. We are intellectually superior to people who lived in ancient times. T F

3. Barbarism is the destruction of memory banks of humankind; e.g. T F

the Library of Alexandria.

4. The ancient Greek antikythera was the prototype of the clock. T F

5. Hero/Heron of Alexandria invented the first steam engine. T F

6. The pyramids of Egypt took less than thirty years to build. T F

7. Machu Pichu is in Mexico and is a Mayan site. T F

8. The Chinese invented innoculations long before the Europeans. T F

9. In Europe religion was at odds with science and invention. In China T F

technology was helped by religion (Buddhism).

10. The three great inventions identified by Francis Bacon had already T F

been inveted before his time by the Chinese.

11. The Nasca Indians invented hot air balloons long before their T F

appearance in the western world.

12. The Chinese invented the first "rockets." T F

13.The enemies of innovation and technology include the lack of imagination T F

and the suppression of knowledge.

14. In 1898 the Director of the U.S. Patent Office wanted to close down the T F

Patent Office because he declared everything that could be invented had

already been invented.

15. Leonardo Da Vinci's inventions include many of the weapons and artifacts T F

of war of the modern world.