Reading Paintings

Just as we are able to read text, paintings can also be understood if we learn how to "read" or put together the elements that ultimately convey the full meaning of a work of art.

Fundamental Questions

When we first look at a work of art, there are some basic questions that we may ask such as:
Who was the artist?
What is it about?
How am I reacting to it? Do I like it or dislike it?
What sort of medium did the artist use? Water color? Oil? Tempera?
However, to better understand works of art, there are other considerations that need to be made in order be able to extrapolate the fullest measure of the work of art.


Aspects of A Work of Art Things to Look For
Genre Portraits
Landscapes
Still Life
Nudes
Examples:

Portraits and Self Portraits: David Hockney's Mr. and Mrs. Clark Percy; Frida Kahlo's Self-Portraits; Massys' Portrait of a Notary; Holbein's The Ambassadors; Portraits by Tamara de Lempika; Pat Lin's Portrait of Toni and Portrait of Melissa

Landscapes:Landscapes by Sisley; J.M.W.Turner; Hiroshige; Chinese Landscape Painting; Pat Lin's Digital Landscapes

Still Life:Flowers in Terracotta Vase; Flower Paintings of Van Huysum; Cezanne's Apples and Oranges;Pat Lin's Quince and Lace; Audrey Flack's Marilyn Vanitas Clara Peeter's Vanitas; Bettye Saar's Africa and Liberation of Aunt Jemima

Nudes:Ingres'La Grande Odalisque; Duchamp's Nude Descending Staircase; Benoist;Other Nudes
Composition symmetrical or asymmetrical placement of elements;
strategies used to "lead the eye"
or focus attention

Examples: Piero Della Francesca'sMadonna and Child With Saints; Tintoretto's St. George and the Dragon; Velazquez's Las Meninas; David's Death of Marat
Use of Color use of color to replicate the real;
use of color to create a mood
use of color to make a statement
use of color for symbolic purposes
use of color to create harmony or to strike a deliberately discordant note;

Examples: Jawlensky's Schokko; Alma Lopez's Digital Virgin of Guadalupe; Rossetti's The Day-Dream; Kroyer's Summer Evening
Geometric Configurations use of geometric configurations as the "ground" for a painting in order to
distribute color, light and shade, or subjects

Examples: Gentileschi's Judith Beheading Holofernes; O'Keefe's Radiator Building; Poussin's Adoration of the Golden Calf; Feininger's Arch Tower
Use of Space, Light and Shade use of light,shade and space to create three dimensional
use of light as the subject itself of a painting
use of light to focus the main subject of a painting

Examples: Correggio's Nativity;Monet's Water Lily Pond;de Hoogh's Boy Bringing Pomegranates
Illusion and trompe l'oeil creating disjunctures between reality, dream and fantasy
subverting viewer expectations
representing a subject from several perspectives

Examples: Arcimbodo's Summer;Patssi Valdez's Dream
Narrative and Themes Biblical Stories
Didactic Narratives
Narratives from Literary Works
Allegories

Examples: the Last Supper as painted by da Vinci, Catena, Champaigne and others; The Last Barbecueby Margo Humphrey; Gentileschi's Susannah and the Elders; Hogarth's Marriage a la Mode;Bronzino's Venus and Cupid; Paintings Based on the Works of William Shakespeare
Art Movements and Periods To what movement does a work of art belong? Does it belong to the Baroque Period? Is the work representative of, say, the "Blue Rider Movement" of art? What are the distinctive features of a particular art movement? How does each movement proclaim its philosophy in its art works?




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