Sphenophyta 

General features of the fern allies

Common name

Horsetails

Synonyms

Arthrophyta

Sporophyte growth habit

Stems, leaves, roots

Gametophyte growth habit

Photosynthetic thalli

Stele

Siphonostele

Undulipodia (“flagella”)

Several whiplash

Sexual reproduction

Homosporous

Representative genera

Equisetum

Recognized by

Scale leaves in whorls; hollow stems; meiosporangia on sporangiophores

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