1996 Annual Report
AMS-ASA-AWM-IMS-MAA-NCTM-SIAM
Joint Committee on Women in the Mathematical Sciences
A. Introduction
The Joint Committee on Women in the Mathematical Sciences (JCW), founded in 1971 as a committee of the American Mathematical Society (AMS), is now a joint committee of seven mathematical and statistical societies: AMS, American Statistical Association (ASA), Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM), Institute of Mathematical Statistics (IMS), Mathematical Association of America (MAA), National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM), and the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM). The charge of JCW is to identify some of the disadvantages that women mathematicians now experience, and recommend actions which those societies should take to alleviate these disadvantages, as well as to document its recommendations and actions by presenting data.
On 19-20 October 1996, JCW held its third annual intensive weekend meeting, at the OHare Airport Hilton in Chicago. The meeting was timed to coincide with that of the AMS Committee on the Profession (CoProf), and JCW met with CoProf at supper on Saturday night to discuss areas of common concern. All JCW members in attendance at this meeting found it extremely productive and agreed that the work accomplished was well worth the modest cost to the participating societies. There has been some variability in the travel support provided by the member organizations to its representatives for this meeting, however. It is the opinion of the JCW membership that the member organizations, in nominating representatives to the committee, should make a commitment to provide travel support for the annual meeting. If a member organization is unable to do so, it should limit its representation on the committee to the number of individuals which it is able to support.
In 1996, AMS provided full travel support for its representatives, three of whom attended the meeting. NCTM provided full support for two representatives, and ASA also provided full support for its lone representative. MAA, which has four representatives on JCW, provided a total of $1000 in travel funds, which did not quite cover the travel expenses of the two representatives in attendance. AWM and IMS provided no travel support for their representatives. The representative of SIAM did not attend, and at this writing no information is available about SIAMs level of support.
The annual fall meeting is crucial to the conduct of JCW business. This meeting sets the agenda for business to be conducted by electronic mail throughout the year; moreover, it is perhaps the only opportunity for a majority of the JCW membership to meet face-to-face, as there is no single professional conference at which all of the mathematical disciplines are regularly represented. In 1996, there has been a considerable turnover in the JCW membership, including the appointment of a new Chair. The members agreed that in a time of changing leadership, the face-to-face meeting in Chicago was very important and should continue.
B. Data collection and dissemination by the societies
In recent years, the main activity of JCW has been to make recommendations to the various societies to collect, assemble, and publish data concerning the participation of women in the mathematical sciences.
By far the most extensive collection, compilation, and publication of data is done by the AMS-IMS-MAA Joint Data Committee. This information is published on a regular basis in the Notices of the AMS. In recent years, the Joint Data Committee has begun a longitudinal study of 1990-91 degree recipients whose Fall 1991 position or address was in the United States. JCW will recommend to the Joint Data Committee that this longitudinal study be continued at least until the end of the century. JCW will also recommend that this information be disseminated biannually in the Notices, the MAA Focus, and the Bulletin of the IMS, and on these organizations web sites (with updates at least every two years).
In recent years, the November Notices has included a one-page summary of Statistics on Women Mathematicians Compiled by the AMS, which includes information on speakers at AMS meetings, broken down by gender, and a multi-year breakdown of the numbers of women and men receiving Ph.D.s, appointed to the editorial boards of AMS journals, and serving as trustees and members of the AMS Council. In 1996, publication of this information was delayed until the December issue. JCW urges the AMS to continue the annual publication of this data, and preferably to publish the information in the same issue each year.
Data collection and publication efforts are underway at MAA, ASA, and NCTM, but little or no information has been forthcoming from these organizations regarding their efforts in 1996. Follow-up efforts are underway to determine the status of these projects.
C. Data analysis efforts
It was agreed at the 1996 meeting that JCW would like to shift its focus from simply requesting data from the societies, to making more active use of the data collected. The Joint Data Committee, for example, collects a good deal more data than it can conceivably publish. During 1996, two members of JCW, Mary Flahive (MAA) and Marie Vitulli (AWM), did a detailed analysis of data from the 1991-1995 AMS-IMS-MAA Annual Surveys on initial employment of Ph.D.s in mathematics. In particular, they sought to obtain a detailed answer to the question, "Are women getting a fair share of first jobs in mathematics?" The results of their analysis will appear in a future issue of the Notices.
JCW has identified several areas of concern regarding the employment status of women mathematicians. In particular, it seems difficult, at least thus far, to get a handle on the phenomenon of underemployment from the raw data collected in the annual surveys. JCW is particularly interested in the answers to the following questions:
1. What is the quality of the initial appointment? For example, initial employment at a Group I school may take on a variety of forms, from a prestigious, research-oriented postdoctoral position to a courtesy appointment made by a department to one of its own Ph.D.s who is experiencing difficulty on the job market.
2. To what extent does the initial appointment meet the expectations of the candidate? For example, if a particular candidate aims for a position at a prestigious liberal arts college and receives one, has s/he been more or less successful than the candidate who receives an appointment at a research university under conditions which may not be optimal for the conduct of research?
3. What are the gender trends in employment over time? For example, does initial employment in a prestigious postdoc at a Group I school lead to subsequent employment at a research institution? What are the gender trends associated with these employment patterns?
In particular, JCW is concerned that, in order to get a clear and accurate picture of the interplay of gender and employment issues over time, it may be necessary to conduct a qualitative longitudinal study of a sample of respondents to the initial AMS-IMS-MAA surveys. JCW is in the process of discussing the feasibility of such a study, and hopes to take action on this issue in 1997.
D. Data collection and analysis for predoctoral mathematicians
JCW has historically concentrated its efforts on issues of importance to doctoral mathematicians. The members of JCW are quite interested in determining what sort of data is available on employment trends among pre-doctoral mathematicians. JCW is in the process of investigating what data may be available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the NCTM, the National Research Council, and the state councils of teachers of mathematics.
E. Web projects concerning women in mathematics
JCW member Marie Vitulli has begun an ambitious Women in Mathematics project on the World Wide Web. This project, which is well underway but still under construction, may be accessed at http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~vitulli/WomenInMath/. The member societies are urged to visit the web site, which is a model compendium of information on women in the mathematical sciences.
F. AMS policy on special sessions
JCW is working on a variety of strategies for increasing the representation of women and minorities at special sessions of the AMS. We plan to take action on this matter during 1997.
Minutes respectfully submitted by:
Margaret A.M. Murray
Chair, JCW
Associate Professor of Mathematics
Virginia Tech
Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0123
murray@calvin.math.vt.edu
540/231-8261
Appendix: 1996 Membership of JCW
Date of expiration of the term appears in parenthesis; asterisk denotes expired term
Martha Aliaga (ASA, 1/96*)
Stella Ashford (AMS, 1/99)
Lily E. Christ (MAA, 1/98)
Mary Flahive (MAA, 1/98)
Ena Gross (NCTM, 4/99)
Harriet Lord (MAA, 1/98)
Margaret Murray (AMS, chair, 1/98)
Mina Ossiander (IMS, 1/97)
Connie Page (IMS, 1/99)
Tamar Schlick (SIAM, 1/97)
Sanford Segal (MAA, 1/99)
Robert Sibner (AMS, 1/99)
Berit Stensones (AMS, 1/99)
Marie Vitulli (AWM, 1/98)
Patricia S. Wilson (NCTM, 4/96*)