405 Gender and development

Gender and Development Issues

Colonialism and differential impact

1750-1914 consolidation of empires

1884- Berlin Conference (scramble for Africa)

1. military and technological superiority

2. mercantile system lead to world trade empire with unequal participation and low subsistence

3. centralized imperial power, elite social system, urbanization

4. theocratic

5. literary/scientific philosophy and education

6. evolutionist, ethnocentric ideology (instrumentalist/utilitarian attitude to environment)

7. patrilineal/bilateral kinship

Development and globalization

1947 - Bretton Woods meetings, formation of first international financial institutions

- export strategy (mono-cropping, cash crops, raw materials, wage labor, structural adjustment)

- transfer of technology

1994 - Third World debt rises to 1.2 trillion US$

1982 - Women in Development office

- feasibility studies, social, economic and environmental impact assessment