VOLTAGE REFERENCE DIRECTIONS

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DEMO 1 - Slide the mouse over the gray rectangles to see how reversing the values of V1 and V3 affects the sign of V2. Note that the boxes contain circuit elements like batteries and light bulbs.


DEMO 2 - Slide the mouse over the gray rectangle to see how our choice of V2's reference direction affects its value. Note that the boxes contain circuit elements like batteries and light bulbs.



DEMO 3 - Slide the mouse over the gray rectangles to see how our choice of V2's reference direction affects its relation with I1.


DEMO 4 - Slide the mouse over the gray rectangles to see how our choice of V2's reference direction affects its relation with I1. Note that the boxes contain circuit elements like batteries and light bulbs.


DEMO 5 - Slide the mouse over the gray rectangle to see how reversing the leads of the voltmeter affects the sign of the voltage being measured. Note that the boxes contain circuit elements like batteries and light bulbs.


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